Bipolar Disorder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Bipolar Disorder - Essay Example Secondly, the social, emotional, cognitive and behavioral aspects of bipolar will be described. Next, the interactive effects of class, ethnicity, and gender will be detailed. Following will be an outline of current treatment options and their strengths and weaknesses. Finally a conclusion shall summarize the main points of the paper and provide implications for research into bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is also known as manic-depressive illness and is a psychological disorder that induces shifts in a person's mood, energy levels and their ability to function optimally in society. Unlike everyday ups-and-downs, the experiences of mood swings with bipolar disorder are much more severe (Kessler et al., 2005). In general, the disorder develops during late adolescence or early adulthood, although some people will have their first symptoms in childhood, or in later adulthood (DSM-IV, 1994). The consequences of bipolar disorder are dysfunctional interpersonal relationships, poor job and academic performance, isolation and at the extreme, suicide. However, the disorder is able to be treated and many people who experience bipolar disorder lead full and productive lives, contributing to the community and building stable support relationships. The manic episodes are diagnosed by the presence of three or more symptoms of elevated mood occurring for most of the day, nearly every day, for a week or more. Depressive episodes are diagnosed when five or more symptoms last for most of the day, nearly every day, for two weeks or longer (DSM-IV, 1994). Social The person experiencing bipolar may blame others for the way that they feel. As such, bipolar disorder may lead a person to isolate themselves from support networks, as their interpersonal relationships cannot be sustained over the erratic behavior. Family and friends may find themselves being shouted at, talked about inappropriately in public or having false accusations made against them. Bipolar disorder may result in the person becoming very egotistical or self-centered and this is not conductive to healthy social relationships, and people may draw away from the person with bipolar (DSM-IV, 1994; Goodwin & Jamison, 1990). Emotional Bipolar disorder is characterized by significant mood swings, a person goes from an extreme "high" (mania) of feeling overly good and euphoric, during which they may or may not also be irritable, to a state of sadness, loneliness and hopelessness (depression). Like a pendulum the person's mood swings back and forth, although there are also experiences of normal mood in between the extreme episodes of mania and depression (DSM-IV, 1994; Kessler et al., 2005). Cognitive During a manic episode the person's thought tend to "race" and "jump" very rapidly, form one idea to the next. The person is easily distracted and has difficulty concentrating, and they tend to have unrealistic believes in their capabilities and "powers". During both the manic and depressive phases their judgment tends to be poor. In general there is denial by the person experiencing the episodes that anything is different or wrong (DSM-IV, 1994; Sachs & Thase, 2000). BehavioralDuring the manic phase, the person may have increased energy levels and be very active and restlessness, or creative and extremely "chatty".

Determination of the molar mass of magnesium Essay Example for Free

Determination of the molar mass of magnesium Essay Introduction: This experiment will be an attempt to determine the molar mass of magnesium. For that we will have an experiment where we dissolve sulphur into hydrochloric acid. Then we measure the amount of gas created during the reaction. To get the molar mass itself we will have to make sure to record the conditions of the experiment such as the temperature or pressure. Material: The material used for the experiment was: 1. eudiometer 2. thermometer 3. barometer 4. measuring cylinder (1000 cm3) 5. Stand with clamp 6. magnesium ribbon 7. hydrochloric acid Method: 1. About 20mm of magnesium ribbon and weight it with the accuracy of 0.001g 2. Pour 5cm3 of HCl into the eudiometer. Then carefully filling the eudiometer with water above the HCl, without mixing the liquids. 3. Wind the magnesium ribbon around a piece of copper wire and let it hang down a little bit into the eudiometer. Make sure there is a hole into the rubber stopper and fill it with water. 4. Place a large measuring cylinder filled with water in the sink. Put a finger over the hole in the stopper and turn the eudiometer upside down into the cylinder. 5. Observe what happens with the hydrochloric acid and magnesium after a little while. When the reaction is complete wait at least 5 minutes so that the eudiometer reaches room temperature. 6. Arrange the eudiometer in the cylinder so that the gas into the eudiometer has the same pressure as the air pressure in the room. Note the air pressure and temperature in the room. 7. Calculate the molar mass of magnesium. Result: Before the experiment the magnesium was carefully weighted on a scale. After turning the eudiometer the HCl started to go down towards the magnesium through the water. Once it reached it a reaction took place creating bubbles of air that went up to the top and pushed the water level down. Once the reaction ended all the magnesium was gone. During the reaction the temperature was read of a thermometer and the pressure of a barometer to get the most accurate values. finally we measured the volume of air inside the eudiometer. Conclusion and Evaluation: When studding the results and comparing them with the book (24.31 ) one can see that the value received from the experiment () is very comparable. Percentage yield: Despite that high percentage the experiment was not accurate enough to have the book value within the error range (≈). The biggest two sources of error in this experiment are the instruments (systematic errors) and of course the human factor (random errors). Also the part of the experiment where one is supposed to turn the eudiometer and put it into water can impossibly be done without bigger or lesser errors since its such a complex movement. Then I would like to put extra attention on the thermometer and especially the barometer. The thermometer could only show whole degrees which is a great loss to precision. Then the barometer seemed quite old and unstable and the need to convert the pressure to Pascal and finally reading from it was quite hard which in my opinion was altogether quite hard. Also these where only the conditions in the entire room. One cannot be sure if they where exactly the same in the tube. Especially the temperature of water could have been quite different. Then of course the amount mg could have impossibly been measured accurately and we cant be sure if exactly all of it reacted. Also the unknown pureness of the reactants and the solvent could justify the error in the result. My suggestions for improvements is to begin with is use of more precise instruments. Then a different method involving a more closed environment and a different method for gathering data. Bibliography: 1. Standard Level Chemistry Pearson Baccalaureate by Catrin Brown and Mike Ford

The Dark Night: A film analysis

The Dark Night: A film analysis Which features of the film would you consider place it as either mainstream or alternative? To answer this question I have chosen to base my answer upon the film ‘The Dark Knight, directed by Christopher Nolan. As one of the main spectacle blockbusters to come out in 2008, I thought that it would be appropriate to base my essay upon. I would class the film as mainstream for many reasons, and one of these being that the film had a very wide target audience; the film is an adaptation from a comic book, so there is already a strong fan base for the film. There is also the fact that there are fans purely of the other Batman films; however these are not prequels as they are from an entirely different series, with different directors. It was also very much so a family film, released on the 24th July 2008 it was released in the middle of the Hollywood blockbuster season, making it a must see for children and adults alike. Another reason that the film would be based in the mainstream category is the fact that film cost approximately $185,000,000 to make. The filmmakers intended for the film to be a spectacle, focusing largely on the visual impact of the film. However, narrative and character development also played a large part, unlike most Hollywood blockbusters. This is evident through the characterisation of the Joker and Batman. Throughout the film we see differing sides of the two characters and spectators may well have sided with that of the Joker, a person who in real life people would not have found themselves able to condone their behaviour. However, in the world of the film it is possible for a spectator to find themselves forming an allegiance with them. It was also the first time in feature film-making that IMAX cameras were utilized†[1] It is often found that in blockbusters, the filmmakers are looking for some sort of excuse to try new technology, and this happens in this film, for example in the armoured car chase. When looking at a film as a spectacle an audience would expect the spectacle to be seen through the following; costume, sets, locations, action, set pieces, sound, employment of new technologies, and editing and camera work, all of which is evidently been shown through The Dark Knight. It is these things that show the appreciation of the films surface quality†[2], and that The Dark Knight is very much so a visual spectacle, as to a spectator it is extremely aesthetically pleasing. Furthermore the film itself is an ‘event film, as it was based on a comic book and has a large fan base already even before its release, it is expected of fans to show up in fancy dress etc to actually take part in the spectacle itself. When looking at alternatives to Hollywood, they fall into various differing sub-genres. However, The Dark Knight does not belong to any other alternative heading; it is a mainstream blockbuster/spectacle. No other alternative cinema heading would be able to be logically applied to this film. Although the implications of the developments appeared to be that, in a society dominated by the mass media, popular culture is better able than avant-garde art to provide visual metaphors that reflect the problems and dilemmas of everyday life.†[3] For instance the fact the character of Batman himself represents justice for the people, he is not the law, nor does he abide by it, however he seeks justice whether or not people think that it be morally correct or not. Another key scene when looking at this would be where the Joker has sent the two ships out, each ship has a detonator for the other ship, and however one boat is filled with normal citizens and the other with convicts. The fact is that viewers expect the boat full of civilians to blow the other ship, though this is not the case. One of the more menacing looking convicts throws their detonator out of the ships window proclaiming that You dont wanna die, but you dont know how to take a life. Give it to me; these men would kill you, and take it anyway. Give it to me. You can tell em I took it by force. Give it to me, and Ill do what you shoulda did ten minutes ago.† This is not what a spectator member would usually expect from a criminal however this scene allows the view to question their own moral compass, as the innocent civilians are up for blowing the convicts up, but it is in fact the convicts who throw the detonator away first. Another reason that this would be classed as mainstream is due to the casting. Stars and other well known names are used for all the main characters, which would not usually be the norm in alternative film-making. Actors such as Christian Bale, Heath Ledger, Aaron Eckhart, Michael Caine, Maggie Gyllenhaal, Gary Oldman, and Morgan Freeman were all used in the film. Using stars in films is an especially good way for filmmakers to draw a larger target audience, and they cleverly use these actors/actresses as a marketing tool. Some of the main stars in the film also starred in some of the previous Batman films, so many people will have some sort of recognition with them and will be expecting certain things from them. Although these people were purposefully cast in order to make the film more successful, no one could have anticipated the death of Heath Ledger before the films release. And although it may not be pleasant his death worked as one of the largest marketing tools for the film, as people who may not have wished to view the film before, whether because it was a Batman film, the cast or the fact it was a blockbuster, fans of Ledger flooded cinemas in order to see his last performance. When thinking of Hollywood/blockbuster films many people feel that they are made purely for the profit. However, regardless of genre and other factors of similarities you cannot deny the fact that Hollywood produces artistic products.†[4] As technology is advancing Hollywood are the able to have the chance to make bigger and better films, and this is evident in The Dark Knight, IMAX cameras are being used for the first time, the director Christopher Nolan wanted the film to be as big as possible, and it succeeded. For example aerial shots at (00:58) and (57:58) show just how expensive this film was to make, as it is highly expensive to use shots like these in films. Although many Hollywood films are similar in content, cinematography, cast, budget, genre etc the filmmakers do have to make each film different, Henry Ford could manufacture thousands of cars exactly alike; here sameness is a virtue. But every movie had to be different; otherwise the movie audiences would not appea r at the theatres again and again†.[5] All blockbusters aim to be bigger and better than the last and it is this drive that makes audiences members want to go and see the next one time after time. The film would also be classed as mainstream due to the theme of violence. Mainly complaints were made by people saying that it should have received a higher rating by the BBFC as it was only rated as a 12A, which caused controversy amongst many parents who did not wish for their children to view the film. Thus meaning that anyone above the age of 12 could view the film with adult supervision and that under 12s would be permitted if with an adult. However, there is never any blood on screen throughout the entirety of the film itself. It is this that makes it a more mainstream film, by not showing blood onscreen, the filmmakers are allowing the film to reach a wider audience. The film displays spectacular action sequences†[6] and this is one of the main things that The Dark Knight is about, showing the action to the best of their ability. It is the action throughout this film that makes people glued to the screen. The budget is also a main factor in this, considering that the film cost $185,000,000 to make, the filmmakers were able to afford, any special effects that were necessary or wanted, this would not usually happen in alternative films, as many alternative filming methods have very low budgets, and the directors may only get to work with what they can get their hands on at the time. The music also plays a key role in The Dark Knight, and the reason I feel this should be included, is based upon the fact that it has been composed by Hans Zimmer; A German born composer who is responsible for many of Hollywoods most recent hits. He provided music for The Pirates of the Caribbean films, Pearl Harbour, The Da Vinchi Code, Black Hawk Down, King Arthur, Angels and Demons, and most recently Sherlock Holmes. The action film/action blockbuster is at once the most contemporary, the most visibly relevant to present day Hollywood filmmaking, and also the least discussed and least well defined†[7]. People dont like admitting to the fact they enjoy mainstream movies anymore, it is the hegemony of the people that believe that Hollywood are only producing films to make money, however The Dark Knight defies this generalisation, based upon the fact it is directed by an independent stylised director. They also fail to take into account the basic fact that its conventionality is the very reason for its creativity.†[8] Another factor that makes The Dark Knight stand out as a mainstream film is the use of special effects throughout the film. However director Christopher Nolan is not fond of using CGI, and so tried his very best to use the practical alternatives where necessary. With regards to the Joker within the film Nolan felt that â€Å"when youre dealing with an anarchist, somebody who is dedicated to chaos, the most visceral way of representing that is an explosion†[9], so that he did. All the way throughout the film many explosions can be seen, and it is Nolan himself who tried to keep them as ‘real as possible. He believes an audience can tell the difference between something being done practically and something which has been done using CGI, and so therefore chose to limit the amount of CGI he used within the film, unless it was absolutely necessary due to health and safety reasons. Nolan wanted the film to have more explosions than ever seen in any other film, as he thought th is was the key to the Joker, and believed that it would make the audience feel like anything could happen in the film. Take for example the hospital explosion where the Joker is walking out, Nolan wanted to do this explosion for real and did this to the best of his ability. They allowed the explosion to stop for a second as Heath Ledger is walking away from the building, and turns round in surprise, just as the audience will, thinking that something has gone wrong. However, this is not the case and the explosion continues, leaving the audience feeling disconcerted. Another factor which also makes the film mainstream is that it presents universal themes to its audience. The reason being that if the viewer has a character that they feel they can connect to throughout the film, whether it be the hero/protagonist or the villain/antagonist, or any other character for that matter, there is someone they feel that within the film they have a similarity to, further interpolating them into the diegetic world of the film. Whether you feel that you are more connected with Batman or the Joker, it does not matter, the fact remains that if you do share views/outlook you will enjoy the film more based on the fact that you have someone else that feels the same as you, offering you a feeling of comfort and fulfilment, this would also be considered as a form of escapism. It remains that escapism can also be used as a device for criticising reality and the present state of society,†[10] which can be seen throughout the film, as the battle between justice and the people is ongoing in The Dark Knight. To conclude the mainstream category would be the best to define The Dark Knight. The reasons stated in the above contribute to making it so. Essentially reasons why it could not be categorised as an alternative film made it a fair argument. Research provided key factors into the reasoning of why The Knight is a mainstream film. Using a modern film was necessary as a more passà © film may not be classed as mainstream now to the current generation of cinema goers. The Dark Knight was possibly the mainstream blockbuster to have been released in 2008, therefore it was relevant to be used in this essay. The internet movie database. 2009. The Dark Knight. [online] [accessible online at http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0468569/ [Accessed 1 December 2009]. Neale,A.,2000. Genre and Hollywood, Routledge. London. Diedre Pribam,E. March 22, 2004. Cinema and Culture: Independent Film in the United States, 1980-2001. Framing Film: The History and Art of Cinema. P33. Neale,S.2000.Genre and Hollywood. Routledge. London. Neale,S.2000.Genre and Hollywood. Routledge. London. Langford,B.2005.Film Genre Hollywood and Beyond. Edinburgh University Press. Edinburgh. Langford,B.2005.Film Genre Hollywood and Beyond. Edinburgh University Press. Edinburgh. Grant, K. Ed., 2005. Film Genre Reader 3. University of Texas Press. USA. HowStuffWorks, Gerri Miller. The Dark Knight Stunts Special Effects [online] (Updated 2009) Available at: http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/dark-knight2.htm [ Accessed 6 December 2009]. Grant, K. Ed., 2005. Film Genre Reader 3. University of Texas Press. USA.

Geek Weekly :: Advertising Essays

Geek Weekly Tired of lame, homogenized tech news addressed in laymen’s terms? Subscribe to Geek Weekly magazine!! Geek Weekly: Not Your Mother’s Computer Magazine This isn’t just another generic technology periodical marketed bluntly toward every computer user in North America. No, this is a magazine just for you, the true geek, who craves rich and creamy technological news, at the speed of technology – tasty, up-to-the-minute reviews and reports, delivered to you every week. Geek Weekly features all the latest industry news, a full-featured video game hints and reviews section, and editorial reviews of the latest gadgets and hardware, written by geeks just like you (except for the fact that these geeks are good writers). With every dweeb-certified issue, you’ll get a CD-ROM packed to the 650 with the newest, coolest demos and utilities. If you’re not convinced yet, seek medical attention. But first, read on. How much does this amazing magazine that caters to all of my geekly urges cost, you say? You’ll be pleased to hear that for a limited time we are offering a 12-month Geek Weekly subscription at over 65% off the yearly newsstand cost of $98.45. That’s 52 issues plus special holiday supplements for only $31.95. We know what you want. We give you what you want. This magazine has it all. Sure, you could waste hours every day picking up scraps of information off the Internet that might be equivalent to what you would read on the cover of last September’s Geek Weekly, but let’s face it; even though you’re a geek, you don’t have that time to waste. You’d rather be browsing eBay or playing Unreal against an Australian guy. So make it easy for yourself! Subscribe to Geek Weekly and get a one-up on all your friends. Oh, and when they beg you for a subscription card from one of your issues, be nice and give it to them so that they can subscribe, because we want to make more money.

Current provision and practice Essay

Each one of the early years educators has played an important role in setting the foundations that is the basis of the main curriculum’s and foundation frameworks in schools today. Maria Montessori believed in independence in nurseries and that children should be taught to use their senses first rather than just educating their intellect with subjects such as maths and science. These of course came later in the children’s education but the main focus within her nurseries was to develop observational skills through the environment and learning outdoors, and to provide the children with carefully organised preparatory activities rather than repetition as a means of developing competence in skills. Montessori believed children should be encouraged to take responsibility for their own learning, enabling them to become more independent. The teaching practices of Maria Montessori have been highly influential on current practice as many specialised Montessori nurseries are currently running up and down the country. They promote her curriculum of independency and use many of her approaches to practice such as the idea that the child’s freedom, dignity and independence are of paramount importance. In a typical Montessori nursery there is a general atmosphere of children doing things for themselves carefully and competently – carrying furniture, setting tables, pouring drinks, washing their hands – and following activities which absorb and interest them. This is, in some ways, a very different method to the practices used in government run nurseries etc. as they follow a more standard curriculum where reading and writing are encouraged more formally and learning plans set out at an early age. Some of this practice is reflected within my current placement through the children’s play such as tid ying away independently at the end of activities and being responsible for making sure toys are put away before a new activity is begun . In my placement, when the children are told it is tidy up time they know they need to put everything away and must help clear up until the room is tidy. The practitioners join in with the tidying but do not do it for the children, so they are leading by example but are still allowing the children to think for themselves and take responsibility for putting away their own play equipment. During snack time I have also witnessed the children carrying their own chairs through if they are a few chairs short in the hall. This  gives the children a sense of independence and is also a good way of developing their gross motor skills and co-ordination. In the key stage 1 classes children are encouraged to pour their own drinks and are given small jobs such as handing out the lunchboxes and folders at lunchtime and the end of the day. These are just a few ways that the children are encouraged to be independent within the school day as well as managing their own hygiene and dressing/undressin g independently for a physical education activity. Part of the stepping stones within the foundation stage state that children should be encouraged to dress and undress independently and select and use activities and resources independently, which is exactly what I have witnessed in my previous and current placements. The birth to three matters framework has a similar view on independency as the emotional well-being guidelines for a child focuses on developing healthy independence e.g. ‘activities which provide small steps to be achieved will support all children, including those with disabilities, thus reducing frustration and supporting them to become independent.’ These clear guidelines from the various frameworks and curriculum’s undoubtedly show the positive effect Maria Montessori has had on current practice, and that her theories have been widely acknowledged within teaching practice today. Rudolf Steiner set up the Waldorf schools where the main consideration is around practical activities that develop the mind and the imagination. The types of activities that Steiner introduced in his schools were things such as knitting, weaving, playing a musical instrument, woodcarving and painting. These are very much practical based activities and many are still carried on in schools today such as learning to play an instrument. This is seen as an important activity for children in the early years and lessons and clubs for this are seen as mainstream activities. Steiner believed that education should be designed to suit the changing needs of a child as they develop mentally, physically and emotionally. This can be seen in the current practices and provisions as there are different levels and stages of which a child can progress through at their own pace, such as the stepping stones in the birth to three matters and foundation stage curriculum. Each individual child is encouraged within their own abilities to progress with their education and onto the next levels of development and learning within  today’s practices, and Steiner’s approach has therefore been influential on many areas of the early year’s education. His ideas on allowing children to be taught by the same teacher for up to seven years have been adopted in some ways by secondary schools as a class is given the same form tutor for up to five years and then another for two years if they progress to higher education. He believed this was an effective way of giving children stability within schools, and the tutors would almost be like main carers for the children until they left school. Friedrich Froebel’s ‘kindergarten’ is the modern day nursery, playgroup or parent and toddlers group. He wanted parents to be fully involved with their children’s learning and play an active role in their child’s educational development. This was an important feature of Froebel’s vision and can be seen in current practices through parent/teacher evenings and the various reports and progress write ups that are sent home to parents from early years settings. The placement I am currently with send home termly reports explaining to parents and carers how their child is doing with regards to education and also to their social, emotional and physical well-being. Froebel believed the role of the mother was to recognise their child’s capacity for learning and wanted to encourage the parents to support the children with this, and as you can see from the current approaches to this in early year’s settings his work has helped to develop the understanding of the importance of the role of a child’s family in their learning and nurturing. This is now very much reflected in the governments recent every parent matters agenda. He also believed children learn through structured play at their readiness, in an organised and prepared learning environment. This is similar to the guidelines of the curriculum’s and frameworks we use today as children are taught through structured activities that are carried out in stimulating environments. The fact that activities and play is structured benefits the teachers immensely as they will always have a clear view of what they need to be teaching the children, and when and where they should be learning specific things. They are also able to plan the day effectively and help each child reach their early learning goals. Structured play benefits the  children as they need routine so they know what their day will consist of, and are also able to develop their independent learning skills within a structured, focused and supportive environment. If a child’s day has routine or structure to it they are able to feel in control of themselves as they will always know what they are going to be doing, and how much time they have for certain activities. The special materials that Froebel developed to assist his activities were things such as shaped wooden bricks and balls, with which he had a linking set of theories. These types of play resources are used throughout early year’s settings today. The foundation stage framework states that ‘well planned play is a key way in which children learn with enjoyment and challenge’. This clearly shows that Froebel and Isaacs’s theories have been influential towards current practice and benefit children and teachers through the education policies. I have seen these benefits first hand within my placement. The teachers have the opportunity to plan their lessons and the activities ahead and so are able to plan time for their own personal work and preparation for other lessons into the day, and can inform the children exactly what they will be doing that day, thus giving them a clear, structured routine they can easily follow. Children are able to choose freely within pl ay activities yet each play resource is chosen carefully and all of them can relate to either a certain topic they are doing ect. so the children’s learning of a certain subject can be carried on through their play. The foundation stage curriculum states that ‘well planned play, both indoors and outdoors, is a key way in which young children learn with enjoyment and challenge.’ Froebel’s theories have, from this example, been the basis of many of the curriculum’s ideas on play, and making it structured also allows the teachers to plan and resource a challenging environment that will extend the children’s learning. The curriculum also states that practitioners should be ‘supporting children’s learning through planned play activities, extending and supporting children’s spontaneous play and extending and developing children’s language and communication in their play.’ Many of these requirements would not be possible if play was not planned or structured, as practitioners would not know what resources the children would be using during the day, and so would not be able to make  assessments effectively or develop and extend the children’s learning to their full potential. Froebel’s theories and early years work mean practitioners and children can benefit from play immensely. Children; in all areas of their development, and practitioners; as it enables them to focus their assessments thus informing future planning to better meet the needs of the children. Margaret McMillan was another early year’s educator who has inspired and influenced many of the current provisions and practices used today. Her main emphasis was on fresh air, exercise and nourishment, and still influences some aspects of current English nursery practice. Many early years settings regard outdoor play as an important aspect of a child’s learning, and gardens and play areas are available for the children at either frequent intervals throughout the day, for a substantial amount of time (as can be seen in the placement I am currently at), or constant access is given. McMillan recognised that imagination is good for society as a whole, an idea that is seen in the educational reforms of the 20th century, and can be clearly seen in the practices within her nurseries today. She believed that children are ‘active’ learners, meaning they learn whilst doing something (usually playing), a concept that has been brought into current practices as practical activities that involve moving about or using some kind of resource, and especially general play, is now much more emphasised in early years settings than it previously was. Rudolph Steiner also believed that practical play activities were a good developer of the imagination. His Waldorf schools concentrated on activities such as wood-work, knitting and playing musical instruments, which are now mainstream subjects in secondary and primary schools e.g. design technology, which covers all creative areas, and music. Children can develop their creativity, imagination and emotional development through music as well as many other areas of personal learning. Teachers are able to apply their own skills in these creative areas and demonstrate to the children how they can achieve what they are aiming for. By seeing their teachers own personal skill first hand the children will be able to respect and learn from practitioners in a more understanding way. Susan Isaac’s was also a believer that play is central to learning, and also  that parents/carers are seen as partners, working with teachers and their child to develop and support their child’s abilities. This is similar to Froebel’s theories on parent/teacher relationships in the way that he saw parents as the main educators of young children. This concept is still clearly seen in the practices of early year’s settings as parents are encouraged to be involved in every aspect of a child’s learning, and have the opportunity to work with the teacher in developing their child’s abilities. This benefits the children and the parents as both can create a bond with each other through the education of the child, and the parent will be able to understand more fully how their child learns best and how to encourage and support them if they are struggling. Play is still seen as central to learning and parents/carers are seen as partners in helping their child progress through the stepping stones. In my current placement children are given ample time throughout the day to have free play and choose to do whatever interests them. The day is structured (as Froebel believed it should be) so they still have time set aside for number work and writing activities, but are not pushed to complete the more intellectual side of the work as play and ‘active’ learning are the most emphasised activities throughout the children’s day. This benefits the child in the way that they will have a break from concentrating on the more intellectual side of things and be able to relax, whilst still learning through structured play and various activities. Having the ability to choose will keep them interested in learning about writing and reading as they will feel they are not being forced to learn about them. Friedrich Froebel introduced the idea of structured play and fully involving parents with their children’s learning. His work has been extensively influential on current practice in early years settings today as the basic framework and curriculum’s that guide children through their learning are based around his ideas about how children should be working with their parents and how carers should be involved in all aspects of their child’s learning and development through school, and how children should learn at their own pace and be guided instead of pushed towards their learning goals. The national curriculum states that ‘teachers are required to report  annually to parents on pupil’s progress’ through their learning goals. Parents also have a say in whether their children are included in religious education classes and sex education, and are given the right to withdraw their children from it or go to the classes with their children to guide them through it. Secondary and primary schools send home letters to parents informing them when classes such as these will be taking place, and permission slips are enclosed so the school know which children can take part in the classes and which cannot. My current placement sends home a daily report on each child so the parents can see their child’s routine for the day including what they played with, how long they slept for, what and how much they ate during the day and generally how they got on. This gives the parents a clear understanding of how their child is getting on in the nursery and allows them to give feedback to the practitioners so they can work together to ensure the child is reaching their full potential in all areas of development. This clearly shows that Froebel’s ideology of parents being involved in children’s learning has been taken into early year’s settings today and has had a positive effect on current learning and the guidelines in the curriculum. Parent and toddler groups are also a popular class for parents to attend when their children are young. They allow parents to be fully involved with their child’s play, and as children learn most substantially through play this gives the parents a better insight as to how their children learn and what stimulates them most effectively. They can then use this knowledge to help progress their child’s learning at home. The foundation stage has the same principles as the national curriculum in the way that parents are encouraged to become involved with their child’s learning throughout and to work with the practitioners to extend the children’s learning both in the classroom and at home. According to the foundation stage curriculum, when parents and practitioners work together in early years settings the results have a positive impact on the child’s development and learning, therefore each setting should seek to develop an effective partnership with parents. This was one of Froebel’s main theories  within early years and so current practice has clearly been influenced by this and has expanded on his views to make sure parents, practitioners and children can benefit from his work. Practitioners can listen to any concerns parents have over their child’s development and then work with them to find an appropriate solution to the problem. Froebel also recognised the importance of specific training for early childhood teachers. He believed that early year’s teachers needed more focused training as the early stages of a child’s development and education formed the basis of their personalities and eagerness to learn in the future. This may have some contribution to the fact that early years practitioners must undergo specific training in order to become qualified to work in early year’s settings, such as NNEB’s, NVQ’s and BTEC’s. My opinion of Froebel’s work and the research I have done on his theories is that his work has been the most influential on current practice due to the fact that most of his work has been combined with, and been the main basis for many of the guidelines in the curriculum’s and frameworks used in early years today. The emphasis on active learning is well established within early years settings, but combined with the current guidance from central government upon meeting targets, it is indicated by the inspection of early years settings that play-based learning is not a priority, though the training of practitioners, which Froebel believed was essential, has received considerable attention in recent years, and current practice is now trying to catch up with the ideas Froebel proposed. The role of the mother in children’s learning is not as Froebel expounded due to mothers of young children being encouraged to work rather than stay at home. Teaching and nurturing children in the home is regarded as less effective or desirable than education in more formal, out of home settings, though the parents as partners scheme initiated by the government throughout the curriculum’s gives parents and practitioners a way of communicating and working together to help the child, so in this way I think his ideas on parents being involved in children’s learning has been responsible for this being put into practice. Friedrich Froebel’s theories have, in my opinion, been the most influential on early year’s practitioners, and their approach to practice is guided by many of his ideas and concepts on how children should be learning. His work surrounding the ‘kindergarten’ (the first form of modern day nursery) produced the framework and theories that practitioners work with and expand on in current practice and so in my opinion his work has had the most effective influence on today’s early years educators and their practice, and this evidence suggests his work will continue to be explored and expanded on within the curriculums and frameworks for years to come. Bibliography Bruce T learning through play: babies, toddlers and the foundation years, (2201), Hoddler and Stoughton†¢Tassoni P, BTEC early years (2nd edition), (2006) Heinemann†¢Bruce T, Time to play in early childhood education (1991), Hoddler and Stoughton

Pagcor-Corporate Social Responsibility

I. PROFILE OF THE CORPORATION HISTORY Sometime in March 1992, a very young but energetic ABM Rogelio Y. Bangsil was sent to Fort Ilocandia Resort and Hotel to start the renovation for the future site of Casino Filipino-Laoag. Hand in hand with the construction, a massive promotional campaign was launched by his so-called â€Å"advance-party† composed of a handful of employees Casino Filipino -Laoag, which emerges as a world-class gaming destination with first-class service, is a favorite of tourists from Hongkong & Taiwan.It truly lives up to its reputation as the â€Å"Jewel of the North†. When CF-Laoag opened towards the end of April 1992, ABM Bangsil was promoted as Branch Manager. He was joined by a newlypromoted COM in the person of Melquiades Parungao, Jr. , two newly promoted Gaming Area Managers,two Asst. Gaming Area Managers,a few Table Supervisors and a handful of support staff and office personnel. The branch operated on a single 6pm-2am shift with ten gaming tables and fifty (50) slot machines.An extensive marketing strategy was launched extending as far as Baguio City to invite players to Laoag. For a newly-opened branch, the initial stage of operation entailed a lot of efforts on the part of both management and staff. Income from local players was not really significant. The opening of the Laoag City International Airport with flights from Taiwan gave a new ray of hope to CF-Laoag. These weekend flights brought in players who were ready to wager in US Dollars.During its second year of operation, the branch suffered a major blow in its junket operation. This pulled down the operational status of the branch. This condition resulted to the closure of the casino in September 1993 only to reopen ten days later. Since then, the branch managed to survive and enjoy relatively modest net income. This spectacular feat gradually simmered down due to factors in the economic and political systems. A possible closure was again hovering over CF-Lao ag.In the early part of year 2000, the Waterfront Promotions Limited (WPL) came to the rescue for some time but later transferred to the Fort Ilocandia Promotions, Limited (FIPL). Towards the middle of 2003, the existence of CF-Laoag was threatened anew. This was because of the SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) scare that affected most Asian countries. Flights from China, Taiwan and Hong Kong, where most of the junket players come from, were restricted.Due to the drastic reduction in the number of playing customers, FIPL proposed to downsize the casino operations for about two months, from June to July 2003 until such time that the SARS scare and the influx of junket players would normalize. CF-Laoag made a major turnaround towards the end of 2003. A total facelifting and renovation of the gaming areas had to be undertaken by the FIPL. In August of that year, the gaming tables were temporarily relocated to the Sierra Madre ballroom while the slot machines were lined upalong t he corridors of the hotel.Carpenters, masons, painters and technicians worked round-the-clock to finish the project before the end of the year. CF-Laoag transferred to the newly transformed venue on December 25, 2003, just in time for the arrival of players from China, Taiwan and Hong Kong. Everyone was impressed by the chandeliers that hang over the main gaming area, the colorful mini bulbs that twinkled on the outer panels of the ceiling and the congregations of angels that adorned the mini domes above the gaming tables.Six VIP areas depicting American, British, French, Egyptian and Chinese settings were also impressive. Players and guests, even PAGCOR officers, who have seen other casinos abroad commented that the VIP rooms are even cozier than those in the US, Macau, Australia and elsewhere. At present times, Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR) is the Philippines third largest contributor of revenue after the Tax and Customs Authority.It is a government owned an d controlled corporation first established in by Presidential Decree 1067 and entered itself in a contract with Philippine Casino Operators Corporation (PCOC) in operating the floating casino in the Manila Bay in 1977. However, gutted by fire in 1979, for which reason, PAGCOR shifted its operations to land-based casinos and entered into another contract with PCOC for the management of a casino at the Provident International Resources Corporation (PIRC) building on Imelda Avenue, Paranaque City, Metro Manila, Philippines.Then under the Presidential Decree 1869 in 1983, it was mandated as the sole government corporation to conduct and establish gaming pools and casinos. In 1986 it was reestablished by H. E. then Pres. Corazon Aquino's government with New PAGCOR as its short name to help raise the government funds; appointing Norberto Quisumbing as its first Chairman and later on the former Development Bank of the Philippines chair Alicia LL. Reyes as its Chair and CEO. She was succeed ed by Ephraim Genuino under the appointment by H. E. Pres. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo in 2001.The firm operates 13 Casinos and several VIP slot clubs in major cities across the country. It also sees and regulates more than 180 bingo parlors as well as e-games cafes across the country. The company employs more than 11000 employees. In June, 2007 PAGCOR had its most significant piece of legislation with the passage of Republic Act 9487 granting the state-run gaming firm another 25 years to regulate and operate games of chance, to issue licenses, and to enter into joint venture, management, or investment agreements with private entities.PAGCOR is under the Office of the President of the Philippines. As of December, 31, 2009, the Pagcor Board is composed of Chairman/CEO – Efraim C. Genuino, President/COO – Rafael Butch Francisco, Directors – Imelda Dimaporo, Philip G. Lo, Manuel C. Roxas and Susana Vargas (ex-officio) and Corporate Secretary – Carlos R. Bautista . On July 02, 2010, Cristino L. Naguiat, Jr. was sworn in as its new Chairman. On July 19, 2010, Jorge Sarmiento was named as its new President & COO along with other new members to the Board, namely: Enriquito M.Nuguid, Eugene D. Manalastas and Jose S. Tanjua. Vision We will captivate our customers with a world-class gaming and entertainment experience, improved infrastructure, more competitive facilities, and a highly professionalized manpower; We will showcase to the world the exceptional Filipino way of serving customers; We will be a pillar for national progress by instilling integrity as the backbone of our regulatory duties, investing in the education of Filipinos, and promoting Philippine tourism, culture and arts.Mission ? ? To achieve operational excellence, revenue growth and competitive advantage. To attain and enforce a regulatory framework that preserves the integrity and propels the development of the Philippine gaming industry. ? To continue being a responsible and r esponsive partner of the Philippine government in its nation-building programs. ? To actively participate in fforts of the tourism sector to transform the Philippines into an exciting R and entertainment haven for local and foreign travelers alike. Nature of Business PAGCOR is a hundred percent government-owned and controlled corporation created to regulate, authorize and license all games of chance authorized by law in the Philippines, generate revenues for the Philippine Government’s socio-civic and national development programs, and help promote the Philippine tourism industry.According to Sec 10 of Presidential Decree no. 1869 known as the PAGCOR Charter, the said corporation has the rights, privileges authority to operate and license gambling casinos, gaming clubs and other similar recreation or amusement places, gaming pools, i. e. basketball, football, bingo, etc. except jai-alai, whether on land or sea, within the territorial jurisdiction of the Republic of the Philip pines.Provided, that the corporation shall obtain the consent of the local government unit that has territorial jurisdiction over the area chosen as the site for any of its operations. Furthermore, the operation of slot machines and other gambling paraphernalia and equipment, shall not be allowed in establishments open or accessible to the general public unless the site of these operations are three-star hotels and resorts accredited by the Department of Tourism (DOT) authorized by the corporation and by the local government unit concerned.There are also restrictions on the operations of the corporation. Their power and authority to authorize, license and regulate games shall not extend to the ff. : ? Games of chance authorized, licensed and regulated or to be authorized, licensed and regulated by, in, and under existing franchises or other regulatory bodies; ? Games of chance, games of cards and games of numbers authorized, licensed, regulated by, in, and under special laws such as Republic Act No. 922. ? Games of chance, games of cards and games of numbers like cockfighting, authorized, licensed and regulated by local government units. The conduct of such games of chance, games of cards and games of numbers covered by existing franchises, regulatory bodies or special laws, to the extent of the jurisdiction and powers granted under such franchises and special laws, shall be outside the licensing authority and regulatory powers of the PAGCOR.PAGCOR’s Income PAGCOR derives its income from the winnings of table games, slot machines and in-house bingo operation of the agency's different gaming properties. The corporation also gets substantial income from other sources from its regulated gaming activities such as the private licensed casinos, poker operations, commercial bingo operations, E-games and others. In 2011, PAGCOR's total revenue reached P36. 65 billion, which is greater by P5. 19 billion or 16. 52% to its total income of P31. 46 billion in 2010.I n accordance with its Charter and other governing laws, PAGCOR earnings are distributed as follows: 5 percent of winnings goes to the BIR as franchise tax; 50 percent of the 95 percent balance goes to the National Treasury as the National Government's mandated income share; 5 percent of the balance after the franchise tax and the National Government's mandated income share goes to the Philippine Sports Commission for financing of the country's sports development programs; 1 percent of the net income goes to the Board of Claims, an agency under the Department of Justice, which compensates victims of wrongful detention and prosecution; Cities hosting PAGCOR casinos are given fixed amount for their respective community development projects; Funds for implementation of vital laws such as the Early Childhood Care and Development Program and Sports Incentives and Benefits Act; Remittance to President’s Social Fund Remaining balance of income goes to the projects related to the upli ftment of the quality of education through the construction of classrooms and school buildings, assistance for the promotion of the country’s health programs, and the Pasig River Rehabilitation project II.Organizational Chart How does PAGCOR’s organization works? All policies for implementation and general directions to be taken by PAGCOR are under the responsibility of a five-man Board of Directors duly appointed by the President of the Philippines. Following are the Board Members chosen by President Benigno Simeon Aquino III to ensure that PAGCOR's administration during his term will subscribe to his commitment to transparency, integrity and good governance: Hon. Cristino L. Naguiat, Jr. Chairman & Chief Executive Officer Jorge V. Sarmiento President & Chief Operating Officer Eugene D. Manalastas Director Enriquito M. Nuguid Director Jose S. Tanjuatco DirectorThe day-to-day operations of PAGCOR in its Corporate Offices and Casino Filipino Branches are manned by 11,36 9 employees (data as of January 31, 2011). Aside from having its internal auditing group, PAGCOR's operations are also subject to the scrutiny of the government's watchdog, the Commission on Audit (COA), which ensures – among others – that every centavo earned and spent by the corporation are fully accounted for. III. Socioeconomic Aspect Government PAGCOR (Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation) in line with their â€Å"corporate social responsibility† has been doing different projects raising the concern of the public, of the government as well as promoting their name too.The said corporation has done a project in cooperation with the Department of Education (DepED) allocating a fund of Php 1 billion for the construction of 1,000 classrooms nationwide. This has been the first time that PAGCOR has set aside such huge fund for a single project intended to help a government sector. This project â€Å"Matuwid Na Daan Sa Silid- Aralan† was intended to h elp the government address the perennial problem of classroom shortage. PAGCOR has come up with this project for this problem of the education sector currently stands at 70 582 nationwide. The said project was PAGCOR’s way of helping the Philippine government in its campaign to improve the quality of education in the country.Also, this is not just a big help in the part of the government but in the part of the poor families and students dreaming for a good education too. Included in the Php 1 billion fund is PAGCOR’s Php 65 million funding assistance to DepED and Gawad Kalinga Foundation, Inc. for the construction of 100 learning centers in different communities nationwide. This is to help communities with no learning centers of their own and to help parents who can’t send their children to school. Under the said project, Gawad Kalinga will handle the construction of the classrooms while the Department of Education will manage the facilities once the classrooms are done. DepED will manage the said facilities in cooperation of the local government unit.PAGCOR has also partnered with TESDA and allotted an initial of Php 100 million funds for the retrofitting of TESDA’s existing wood working facilities. Included in their projects in helping the government,PAGCOR and Travellers International fund the construction of a new public school in Mandaluyong. Due to this project,PUBLIC elementary and high school students of Barangay Addition Hills in Mandaluyong City will have a better chance of finishing their basic education after the Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR) and Travellers International Hotel Group, Inc. (operator of Resorts World Manila) committed to fund the construction of an integrated public school there.Travellers, as part of its Entertainment City investment obligation, has also allocated approximately P60 to P80 million for the construction of the Mandaluyong Addition Hills Elementary School in Mandaluyong City’s most populated barangay. The new school will have 2 four-storey buildings with 40 classrooms and 16 comfort rooms. It can accommodate up to 2,000 elementary and high school students. Associated with PAGCOR’s mission on their corporate social responsibility,the state-owned corporation developed the â€Å"PAGCOR Feeding Program†. This project was made possible in coordination with the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) and the Department of Education (DepED), together with partner schoolbeneficiaries. This program provided balanced meals to undernourished children from targeted day-care centers and public elementary schools in selected areas.The said project aimed to supplement existing government feeding programs and to help address the malnutrition situation in the country. These are some ways on how PAGCOR stretched their helping hand to help the Filipinos and the Philippine government itself. These are also the corporation’s way s to ease the burdens of our government. Community â€Å"To continue being a responsible and responsive partner of the Philippine government in its nation-building programs. † This is one of the missions of PAGCOR. As stated in its mission, PAGCOR is one with the Filipino in this journey. PAGCOR hopes to be a dynamic partner of our government in changing the course of Philippine history towards national development and progress.The corporation facilitates programs for the progression of the Filipino Community. In order to attain its mission, PAGCOR, held the following projects: PAGCOR distributes relief goods to 10,000 families affected by Habagat flooding, align with this project, PAGCOR distributed relief packs to 2,000 families in Barangay Baseco, Tondo. The said state-owned gaming agency also gave relief goods to 3,000 families badly hit by the flooding in Tumana and Nangka, Marikina City, Sta. Ana, Manila and Malabon City. In the provinces, PAGCOR also conducted relief o perations for a total of 5,000 families in Concepcion, Tarlac, Guiguinto, Bulacan,Rosario, Cavite, Taytay, Rizal and San Isidro, Tanay, Rizal.PAGCOR Chairman and CEO Cristino Naguiat, Jr. said this is only the first tranche of the agency’s Habagat relief operations. â€Å"We have allocated a total budget of P8. 14 million for our relief operations. We hope to be able to give help to at least 20,000 families. There were so many of our countrymen who were badly affected by this recent flooding. Itong aming relief operations ang paraan ng PAGCOR para matulungan ang ating mga kababayan na labis na naapektuhan ng kalamidad na ito. † PAGCOR, in its mission of reaching out the Filipino community,also reached out to the indigent and impoverished by providing free medical and dental services via its medical missions.These missions, which were mostly conducted in depressed areas and those battered by calamities, aim to bring government and the company closer to its constituents by providing basic health services. Furthermore, PAGCOR, in coordination with the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) and the Department of Education (DepED), developed the â€Å"PAGCOR Feeding Program† to supplement existing government feeding programs and to help address the worsening malnutrition situation in the country. This project was made possible with partner school-beneficiaries, which provided balanced meals to undernourished children from targeted day-care centers and public elementary schools in selected areas. PAGCOR has been implementing projects that are very helpful in our very own Philippine community.PAGCOR is doing their best in reaching out the depressed areas and the indigenous to let feel that PAGCOR isn’t all about gambling, but also ready to stretch their hand to those communities in need. Employees More health benefits for PAGCOR employees. Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR) Chairman Efraim Genuino announced y esterday that the agency’s 10,000 employees would soon be receiving a â€Å"bigger and better health care benefits package† following a very productive year. Genuino noted that PAGCOR’s profits rose 21 percent in October despite the economic slump caused by the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks in New York and Washington. This is my way of thanking, on behalf of President Arroyo, the 10,000-strong PAGCOR workforce which worked doubly hard to break revenue records this year despite the debilitating effects of a worldwide economic crisis,† Genuino said. It will be recalled that one of Genuino’s first acts as Pagcor chief was to increase the salaries of all personnel. Prior to his appointment by the President, employees lamented that their salaries â€Å"had remained stagnant for 15 years. † The new health care program will â€Å"substantially increase the present hospitalization budget which employees and officers can avail of. It will also provide g enerous subsidies for maternity cases and ensure a faster processing system of all health claims†, Genuino said.Furthermore, Genuino has ordered the setting up of a state-of-the art health infrastructure program through the establishment of modern outpatient clinics complete with a laboratory, an x-ray room and pharmacy. Dental clinics will also be put up at all casino branches and at the PAGCOR corporate office. Mentioned above are the PAGCOR’s ways of returning the favor to their employees. These are also the corporation’s way of somehow thanking their beloved employees. However, these are not just programs for the employees but for the corporation itself too. Due to these projects, PAGCOR can be assured that their employees will be satisfied from their benefits. Environment PAGCOR takes its corporate social responsibility to another level as it goes green and supports projects about environmental protection.In tandem with the National Convergence Initiative (N CI) Project, PAGCOR is funding and actively undertaking reforestation and related activities not only in our remaining forests but also in various locales under threat of erosion and degradation. It also supports the â€Å"E-Kawayan† project which aims to regenerate bamboo plantations nationwide and exploit the many uses of bamboo for industrial purposes. Just recently, PAGCOR turned over P31million in financial support for Hi-e-Kawayan project of Alaminos, Pangasinan. This will help in reviving bamboo culture, reforest bamboo growing regions for environmental protection. The said project complements the Department of Environment and Natural Resource’s (DENR’s) National Greening Project (NGP) since it is set to reforest 322 hectares of land with bamboo plants which would lead to erosion prevention and slope protection in the area.The said corporation also provides funds for turning illegally cut logs from areas in Mindanao that had been pummeled by the recent Ty phoon Sendong into chairs, tables and blackboards that will be given to public schools. Also, PAGCOR was into recycling as it launched a project converting used slot machine stands into school desks which are donated to six public schools. Lastly, PAGCOR expressed support to the Kapit Bisig Para sa Ilog Pasig (KBPIP), a project spearheaded by the ABS-CBN Foundation, together with the Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission and Department of Environment and Natural Resources. This project aims to rehabilitate and clean the Pasig River from 2009-2015 with the Estero de Paco as its pilot site.These projects only proved that PAGCOR is not just a corporation but a environment-concerned one. These are the ways on how they promote the preservation and restoration of our environment. Economy Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation or PAGCOR, with its chain of casinos and other businesses, contributes much to the Philippine economy. From their large income, the tourists they attract, the j obs they give to a number of Filipinos and up to the investors they bring into the country, they only prove that they are not just about gambling but an asset to the country’s economy. Casino is one of the places where tourists go here in the Philippines whether they came in on purpose of doing so or to just explore what the country can offer.Large number of customers and gamers, both foreigners and Filipinos, also means large amount of income not just for the corporation itself but also to the country. Just last year, 2011, PAGCOR reported whooping P36. 65 billion total revenue, which is P5. 19 billion more than its income the year before, 2010. Tourist dollars are also coming into the country together with these visitors from different places. PAGCOR currently operates 13 casinos in different places all over the country like Metro Manila, Tagaytay City, Pampanga, Cebu, and others. With this, they already gave about 12,000 jobs to the Filipinos which will soon be increased w ith the upcoming projects of the company. This, already, is a big help to the country’s worsening problem on employment.They are also bringing foreign investors in the country together with the rise of the â€Å"Entertainment City Manila† or simply â€Å"PAGCOR City† in the year 2016. It is Asia's Las Vegas-like gaming and entertainment complex that PAGCOR proposed way back in April 2008 to offer on 8 km? of land on the reclamation area of Manila Bay, Philippines. The objective is to capture at least 10 percent of the annual $115-billion gaming revenue in the world. According to vice president Jejomar Binay, â€Å"The project will be a big boost to the economy. It will bring investors and visitors and this will provide employment and livelihood opportunities for thousands of Filipinos. † noting that the project will provide millions of Filipinos with high-paying jobs without leaving for work abroad.It is also believed that this project will bring even mor e tourist in the country as it will not cater only the gaming aficionados but other facilities will also offer other forms of wholesome family entertainment which will encourage tourists to go together with their families. PAGCOR helps the economy more than we give them credit for. Because of the common connotation that comes with their name like ‘gambling’, ‘1-billion coffee expenditure’ and the different cases filed against the officials of the corporation we failed to see the benefits they brought to the country. IV. Pictures â€Å"MATUWID NA DAAN SA SILID PAARALAN† PROJECT PAGCOR, in cooperation with the Department of Education (DepED), has allocated a P1 billion funding for the construction of 1,000 classrooms nationwide. PAGCOR distributes relief goods to 10,000 families affected by Habagat flooding Reaching places like Tondo and Sta.Ana, Manila; Marikina City; Malabon City; Concepcion,Tarlac; Guiguinto, Bulacan; Rosario, Cavite; Taytay, Rizal; and San Isidro, Tanay, Rizal. MEDICAL / DENTAL MISSIONS PAGCOR reaches out to the indigent and impoverished by providing free medical and dental services via its medical missions. PAGCOR FEEDING PROGRAM PAGCOR, in coordination with the Department of Social Welfare and Development and the Department of Education, developed the PAGCOR Feeding Program to supplement existing government feeding programs and help address the worsening malnutrition situation in the country. PAMASKONG HANDOG PROJECT The Pamaskong Handog project is an annual Christmas gift-giving project of PAGCOR which is intended to bring joy to the less fortunate at Christmas time. PNOY BAYANIHAN† PROJECT PAGCOR has partnered with the DepED, Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) and the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) for the Pnoy Bayanihan project which aims to convert confiscated logs from illegal logging into school chairs. CONVERSION OF USED SLOT MACHINE STANDS TO S CHOOL DESKS PAGCOR also converts hundreds of its used slot machine stands into school desks which are being donated to different public schools that are in need of school chairs. V. References More health benefits for Pagcor Employees. (2011, November 24). The Philippine Star, p. 3. Cruz, J. D. (2012, June 24). Pagcor goes green. Business Mirror, p. 5. Cruz, J. D. (2012, June 24). Pagcor goes green. Business Mirror, p. 3. http://pcij. org/blog/wp-docs/RA9487. pdf http://www. pagcor. ph/social-responsibility. php http://www. blog. pagcor. ph/ http://www. pagcor. ph